AI Visual Inspection Equipment for Bags and Luggage
Bags and luggage AI visual inspection equipment: for leather goods such as bags, handbags, wallets, backpacks and trolley cases, it inspects scratches, damage, color differences, poor splicing and hardware assembly defects on leather and fabric, and outputs OK/NG.
Products Overview
Leather + fabric + hardware: a multi-material, mixed inspection object
Bags and luggage AI visual inspection equipment is used for surface inspection of bags, handbags, wallets, backpacks, and trolley cases. With industrial cameras and custom lighting it identifies leather scratches, damage, color differences, poor joining, and hardware assembly defects, outputs OK/NG, and interlocks with the production line.
The inspection objects for bags and leather goods are Multi-material Mix: The body may be genuine leather, PU synthetic leather or fabric, plus hardware such as zippers, buckles and rivets, as well as stitching and edging. The optimal imaging conditions differ for each material.
The main issues on leather parts are scratches, damage, color difference, and uneven finishing; the splicing and stitching parts focus on whether alignment is accurate and whether the stitch line is continuous; and the hardware parts require confirming that assembly is complete and that there are no missing or wrong parts.
The batch volumes of these products are usually smaller than in 3C, so inspection solutions often give priority to Ease of Changeover and Coverage, rather than maximum speed.
- Material composition: genuine leather / PU synthetic leather / fabric + hardware
- Inspection scope: surface defects + stitching alignment + hardware assembly
- Imaging highlights: different materials need different illumination conditions
- Solution focus: easy changeover and coverage of multiple styles
Core Functions
What the Equipment Can Do and How Far It Can Go
Leather Surface Inspection
Distinguishing scratches, abrasions, color difference, uneven finishing, and natural grain anomalies.
Splicing and Alignment
Check whether the splicing positions and alignment of different material pieces are accurate.
Sewing Quality
Check of stitch continuity, skipped stitches, and stitch offset.
Hardware Assembly
Confirms whether zippers, buckles, and rivets are properly assembled and free of missing or wrong parts.
Multi-material Adaptability
Switch the illumination setup and algorithm recipe by material.
Style Recipes
One parameter set is saved per style and called up directly at changeover.
inspection Object
Bag and Luggage Body
Surface inspection of leather and fabric on bags, luggage and backpack bodies
Handbags and Small Items
Surface and stitching inspection for small items such as handbags and wallets
Trolley Cases
Assembly checks on the body fabric, frame and hardware of bags
Material Pieces and Accessories
Inspection of cut panels, edge binding, zippers and other accessories
inspection defect
| Defect Types | Typical Manifestations | Inspection Focus Points |
|---|---|---|
| Scratch / Abrasion | Linear damage on the leather surface | Low-angle illumination forms a clearer image |
| Damage / Hole | Leather surface tears and punctures | Combination of transmitted and reflected light |
| Color difference / uneven finish | Color differences between pieces in the same batch | Requires a stable light source datum |
| Splicing / alignment deviation | Sheet misalignment, uneven seams | Establish a datum first, then compare |
| Sewing Defects | Skipped stitch, missed seam, stitch offset | Dedicated imaging for the stitch area |
| Missing or wrong hardware parts | Missing or wrongly installed buckles and rivets | Verify by Reference Designator |
| Hardware Appearance | Scratches, oxidation, plating defects | Metal reflections must be suppressed |
| Natural grain variation | The leather's own grain and defects | Must be distinguished from actual defects |
Working Principles
- 01 Product loading or positioning
- 02 Material recognition and recipe recall
- 03 Zoned illumination imaging
- 04 Leather surface judgement
- 05 Splice and stitching judgement
- 06 Hardware fitting assembly and appearance judgement
- 07 Result Composition OK / NG
- 08 NG Rejection or Marking
- 09 Data Recording
Relationship Between Imaging and Judgement
The particular difficulty in bags and luggage inspection is Natural grain of genuine leather: on the same hide, the grain, pores and growth marks differ from position to position, so deciding what counts as normal and what counts as a defect is essentially a question of definition, not merely a technical one.
Vision System
How Cameras, Lenses, Light Sources and Controllers Are Configured
industrial camera
Select area-scan or line-scan by field of view and minimum defect size; continuous web materials usually use line-scan cameras
- Area-scan camera: fixed-shot, single-piece and intermittent feed applications
- Line-scan camera: for continuous material travel, wide areas, and even-interval imaging
- Pixel equivalent is derived backwards from "minimum resolvable defect ÷ desired pixel count", rather than fixing the camera first
lens
Determines field of view, distortion, and depth of field; precision measurement requires telecentric lenses
- Standard industrial lens: low cost, suitable for appearance inspection
- Low-distortion lens: for large-format applications where the edges must also be judged
- Telecentric lens: suitable for hole diameter, contour and dimensional measurement
- Depth of field must match material waviness and fixture repeat positioning accuracy
Light Source and Illumination
Whether defects in flexible materials can be captured depends largely on the lighting
- Diffuse light: uniform illumination, suitable for color difference and stain applications
- Low-angle light: highlights scratches, indentations, wrinkles and other surface relief
- Backlight/transmitted light: highlights holes, damage and short shot
- Coaxial light / stripe light: suppresses reflection, suitable for coated or highly reflective surfaces
Controllers and Industrial PCs
The platform for running algorithms, outputting results and interlocking with the production line
- An industrial computer or vision controller runs the algorithms
- A light source controller handles brightness adjustment and strobe synchronization
- Interacts with the PLC to complete interlocking, alarming, and rejection
AI algorithm
Choose the Algorithm by Defect Form, Not by Complexity
Template Matching and Positioning
Locate first, then judge. Every defect judgment is built on a stable coordinate system.
- Shape matching / gray-scale matching: good stability, suitable for fixed stations
- Align first, then split the regions, to avoid false calls caused by position drift
Blob and Morphological Analysis
Suited to defects such as stains, holes and foreign matter that show a clear grayscale/color difference from the background
- Threshold segmentation → connected component statistics → judgement by area / aspect ratio / circularity
- High requirements on illumination stability; the light source must work with the fixture
Edge and Contour Measurement
Suitable for dimension, contour, hole position and spacing judgements
- Sub-pixel edge extraction to obtain a contour point set
- Fit lines/circles/arcs and calculate length, diameter, angle and position tolerance
Deep Learning (Classification / Detection / Segmentation)
Suited to defects such as scratches, wrinkles and skipped stitches, whose shapes vary and are hard to describe with rules
- When defect forms are irregular, it is difficult for rule-based algorithms to enumerate them all
- Requires OK / NG sample training; sample quantity and coverage determine the upper limit
- Enables pixel-level segmentation and outputs defect length, width, area and position
Automatic Alarm and rejection
How inspection results act on the production line
Inspection results are not only shown on a screen. Workpieces judged NG need to be Mark the position and interlock rejection or sorting, and archives the image and judgement result for that part for later traceability and re-judgement.
The alarm method is set according to site practice: audible and visual alarm, on-screen pop-up, PLC set bit, or all three at once. Critical defects and general defects can use different handling strategies — the former stops the machine and alarms, the latter is only marked.
- 01 image acquisition
- 02 Positioning and region segmentation
- 03 Defect Judgement
- 04 Combine results into a single OK / NG per piece
- 05 Result sent to PLC
- 06 NG Rejection / Sorting
- 07 Image and data archiving
data traceability
Records, Queries and Quality Closed Loop
Per-Piece Records
The judgment result, defect type, defect position and timestamp of every part are written to the database
- Supports retrieval by time, batch and defect type
- NG image retention for re-judgement
Batch and Recipe
Different products use different recipes, called up at changeover to reduce manual parameter tuning
- Recipes store the inspection region, thresholds and algorithm parameters
Production Line Data Integration
Exchange inspection data with the MES / host system
- Output pass rate, defect distribution and other statistics
- The interface method depends on the site system
equipment configuration
Optional Configuration Items and Selection Logic
| Configuration Item | Description |
|---|---|
| Applicable Categories | Bags / handbags / wallets / backpacks / trolley cases / leather goods |
| inspection scope | Surface defects + seam stitching + hardware assembly |
| Inspection Method | Zoned lighting + industrial camera + AI algorithm |
| Changeover Method | Recipe recalled by style |
| Inspection Speed | To be added |
| inspection accuracy | To be added |
| communication method | I/O · TCP · RS485 · Modbus · S7 · Profinet |
| Enclosure and Power Supply | To Be Confirmed on Site |
Application Industry
Which Industry This Equipment Is Usually Installed In
Applicable Materials
Detectable Material Types
Common Question
Will the Natural Grain of Genuine Leather Be Judged as a Defect?
Can hardware assembly be inspected at the same time?
Is It Worthwhile for Many Styles in Small Batches?
Can seam alignment accuracy be inspected?
Can the equipment be integrated into a full line?
What Information Do You Need to Provide?
Submit sample testing
Acceptance criteria for genuine leather need to be aligned with the physical item. Please provide samples of different styles and typical defects; we will first confirm inspection feasibility and then discuss the acceptance criteria.
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Need to assess imaging conditions, defect criteria and cycle time item by item? Go to the Full Requirement Assessment →
Send Us Your Workpiece and We Will Show You the Measured Results
Equipment configuration varies with the inspection object, field of view and cycle time. Provide OK and NG samples and we will run actual imaging and judgement tests and recommend the corresponding model and configuration.